Gender Inequality The United States - 939 Words

Gender inequality has been an issue in the United States of America since the very founding of the country. Many believe that the sexes are equal in the United States of today because nearly a hundred years ago women gained the right to vote but this was not the only hurdle we needed to surmount. Gender inequality is alive and thriving even today, and although this is definitely not the only issue American women face today, it can be seen in something called the wage gap. It is commonly known that the average woman makes 77 cents to a man’s dollar, but this only applies to white women. The gap increases more and more for women of color. The median black woman earns 65.1% of what the median white man earns hourly, and the median Hispanic woman earns 58.9% as much, (Davis). The Economic Policy Institute found some other interesting facts in their search for information on the wage gap and how to close it. They found that the gender wage gap exists at â€Å"every decile in the w age distribution, at every level of educational attainment, and in the majority of occupations†. They say that if we had closed the gender wage gap and had wages grown in line with productivity from 1979-2014, which they did not, the hourly wages of the median woman could be over 70 percent higher today—$26.04 instead of $15.21. Building on this, they also found that only, â€Å"About 16 percent ($1.69) of the disparity is explained by gender inequality, 49.1 percent ($5.32) is explained by overall inequalityShow MoreRelatedGender Inequality Of The United States1363 Words   |  6 Pagesof color, you’re going to be underpaid, so there’s really no point,† Daniel recalled (â€Å"Career and Workplace† 4). A future law graduate was told to throw away her dreams in regards to gender inequality. A girl named Reshma Daniel had to give up what she loved most because of a situation regarding both her race and gender. Reshma Daniel’s parents moved to America from India with just a couple dollars. Her parents wanted their children to live the Amer ican life. For Daniel, that simply meant law schoolRead MoreGender Inequality Within The United States1531 Words   |  7 Pageswe can see there is a trend implicates that the gender roles are slowly starting to change but the gender stereotype still have stayed firmly over the years in North America even though people are now more aware of the problem of gender inequality. In North America, gender roles between women and men are now being shared more equally in workspace due to the feminism movements and higher literacy level of women, but there are still gender inequality existing in our society. Feminism movements haveRead MoreGender Inequality Within The United States1701 Words   |  7 PagesGender has had a repeating effect on the choice of careers for people all throughout the United States. In history, it is taught that males dominated women in many careers, while women dominated males in only a few other minor positions. Males had an upper hand over women in engineering and in the military. One of the reasons males dominated was the idea of dominance over women has been passed down for centuries. It was never common for a women to be an engineer of a home or anything that wasn’tRead MoreGender Inequality Within The United States1879 Words   |  8 Pagesand colonization has evolved, gender in the United States has been constructed in a manner that is unknown in other countries. Our society has made different stereotypes for certain sexes. It is socially impossible to not make a collation between sex and gender in the United States. Women are viewed the same in the professional world and in the home life perspective. All roles played by women are considered to be inadequate or insignificant compared to men. Gender characteristics, such as masculinityRead MoreGender Inequality During The United States1971 Words   |  8 PagesCorona 1 Yailin Corona Honors English 11-4 Junior Research Paper 3 March 2016 Gender Inequality in the U.S. For years, women have been viewed as weak, indecisive, and subjective. Women have become more empowered since their suffrage and earning their rights. Although, they have their rights, women are not equal to men in today’s society because of unequal pay and discrimination. The pay between the two gender in recent college graduates and stabilized jobs opt towards males. Women are discriminatedRead MoreGender Inequality Within The United States2702 Words   |  11 PagesGender Inequality In the United States there are many human equal rights for women but they are insufficient to create equality. Despite of many equality rules gender inequality still exists and that’s the fact. In history women were not allowed to study or work. In modern world women are achieving education goals and also working. Does that mean women are getting equal treatments? The answer is no, women are not treated as equally as men. The graduation rates for women are higher then men, butRead MoreGender Inequality Within The United States1686 Words   |  7 PagesThere have been many advances in society, especially for women despite these advancements, there continues to be inequalities in sexual â€Å"equality† .Why does a wage difference exists between men and women? Are employers being sexist? Sexism has been a problem since the beginning of mankind. Women have struggled to achieve equality with men. The male dominated culture has led the female gender to become the â€Å"wea ker sex†. This discrimination, of course, based on the stereotype that women should be stayRead MoreGender Inequality Within The United States1410 Words   |  6 PagesEquality Among Gender Both within and across different cultures we find great consistency in standards of desirable gender-role behavior. Males are expected to be independent, assertive, and competitive; females are expected to be more passive, sensitive, and supportive. These beliefs have changed over the past twenty years within the United States and apparently around the world as well. Therefore, modern society has been trying for the past decade to eliminate all of these stereotypes and doubleRead MoreGender Inequality Within The United States Of The English Department Of Ku.881 Words   |  4 PagesIn today s society we have gender inequality without us even knowing we are doing it, because it is how we are all raised. From when a lot of us were younger we have seen everyone else â€Å" doing gender† so we have picked up on it.By doing gender we create different levels that men and women are put on. These levels are not natural they are man made. The culture we are raised in assigns and crea tes for us the different attributes and behaviors. Since we are aware of the expectations that are held overRead MoreGender Inequality : A Good Understanding Of The Social Inequality Essay1487 Words   |  6 PagesAs a female college student I feel the necessity to have a good understanding of the social inequalities around me. Although, women have socially grown with more power over the years, it is not enough to equalize with the men. For example, the pay gap difference between men and women for not having the â€Å"testosterone bonus† even though the same education and qualifications are present. I hope that over time I will be able to experience a change and have the same equal rights as men because I feel

Religious Beliefs on the After-Life Essay - 965 Words

Death is a terrible tragedy that strikes everyone on this planet. It fills everyone’s mind with grief and dread. Perhaps for this reason, a belief in After-life maybe consistent with the psychological needs of the individual, since it acts as a measure of comfort. Every culture has a different perspective on After-life, which can be seen from an anthropological perspective. Anthropology is defined as ‘the study of people, or more properly, of human kind’ (Podolefsky, Brown and Lacy, 2009). There are various approaches to an anthropological study; this essay will focus on the cross cultural approach. The cross cultural perspective can be defined as a comparative study of aspects of two cultures (Thirumaran, 2011). This essay will†¦show more content†¦In Hinduism, the body is just a temple for the soul. This soul is identified as part of the ‘the ultimate reality’ or an astral body (Firth, 2005). The body must be transformed and purified thr ough fire to detach the spirit from its earthly bounds, so that the spirit can cross over. Once the soul has crossed, it will await judgment. On the other hand in the Islamic religion, the attachment of the soul to the body is highly essential. ‘In Islam it is presumed that life continues after death, and it is therefore essential to preserve the body’ (Starkey, 2009). To preserve the body, the Islamic followers tend to bury it. In the graves, the spirit of the body is faced with torments of the darkness, where the spirit suffers for the bad deeds of its life (Starkey, 2009). The spirits wait in the grave until they are called by Allah (Islamic god) to receive a judgment (Starkey, 2009) whereas the forgiven spirits will get a glimpse of paradise and find their graves very peaceful. These are a few points on how the body should be treated for after life according to Hinduism and Islamic cultures. For judgment, according to both the religion, has to reach a specific place. In both the religions, the souls are transported to this location by the Death Angel. According to Hinduism, the Death Angel is termed as Yamaraj. Yamaraj (Yama) has various followers called Yamduts, who will bring the soul to Yamlok (Indian Mythology, Hindu Mythology Articles). In Yamlok, an AngelShow MoreRelated 1. Why do you think people are ?religious What particular aspects of society may prompt people to look for religious faith and identity?925 Words   |  4 Pages People are religious for many reasons. These include the difference religion makes in life and how religious beliefs influence actions. Religion structures a religious person’s life. More than three quarters of the world’s population consider they belong to a religion. All aspects of religion are reasons for a person to be religious. For some, the difference that sacred places, books, prayer and celebration make is significant. Others, the belief that there is something beside our own worldRead MoreObjective : Define Religion ( Pg )950 Words   |  4 PagesAccording to the text, religion is a social phenomenon that consists of beliefs about the sacred; the experiences, practices, and rituals that reinforce those beliefs; and the community that shares similar beliefs and practices. Examples of religions are Christianity, Muslim, Buddhism, and many others that are growing in particular countries. Many religions practice their beliefs through prayers and a figure that a certain religious group worships. For example, Christianity believes in a powerful individualRead MoreThe Human Spirit After Death Is Mentally And Emotionally Demanding1421 Words   |  6 Pageswords alone are two of the most controversial topics of discussion within every religiou s organization. The whereabouts of the human spirit after death is mentally and emotionally demanding. Why? Because people are often curious about the outcome or whereabouts of the human spirit or soul once it depart from the earthly body. In addition, it challenges one religious views and beliefs. Because those religious beliefs are associated with the strength of ones faith when it comes to the whereabouts ofRead MoreEssay on My Religious Belief System1363 Words   |  6 PagesMy Religious Belief System My religious belief system is embedded in Christianity. I was born into a family who worshiped as Methodist and I am still Methodist. Growing up my mother not only sent us to church, she went with us along with my grandmother, aunts, uncles and cousins. Even though my father did not attend church often, he believed in God and supported my mother’s desire to have her children in church. The neighborhood I grew up in consisted of a great deal of my mother’s family and everyoneRead More`` Being Wrong : Adventures Of The Margin Of Error, By Kathryn Schulz931 Words   |  4 PagesDoes god exist? I have gone my entire life knowing the answer to that question. Sure, I have doubted that answer at times; but, I always end up reassuring myself that I am indeed not wrong. I am right. Perhaps I am just oblivious to the fact that I am very likely wrong. And that I have gone my life with how is best described by Kathryn Schulz in her book, Being Wrong: Adventures in the Margin of Er ror, where she states, â€Å"A whole lot of us go through life assuming that we are basically right, basicallyRead MoreThe Rights Of Public School920 Words   |  4 Pagesthe Merriam-Webster Dictionary, religion is an â€Å"organized system of beliefs† that has certain rules in worshiping a god or multiple gods. For many years, the role of teaching the Bible and prayer in public schools has been a major dispute causing religious freedom issues in America. Because of this controversy, the U.S. Supreme Court has long made it clear that the Constitution prohibits public school-sponsored prayer or religious instruction. Although the law has taken effect, there are still topicsRead MorePaulo Coelho And His Religious Diversity918 Words   |  4 Pages Paulo Coelho and his Religious Diversity The Alchemist contains many religious elements and symbolism that stem directly from Paulo Coelho’s personal life. By incorporating a diverse collection of personal experiences to bring the world of The Alchemist alive, Paulo Coelho drew readers of all kinds to his novel. Even during his time at the Jesuit school, Paulo Coelho was developing thoughts and ideas of his own about faith and religion, ideas which are clearly reflected in The Alchemist. The varietyRead MoreThe Debate Regarding Parents Control Of Their Children s Education1739 Words   |  7 PagesWisconsin v. Yoder (1972) talked about the Free Exercise Clause by putting together a three-part explanation to balance out people s education and religious freedom. â€Å"The balancing test marked the move from belief-action doctrine in the nineteenth century.†(Politics, 2014) Through the case its decisions impacted the debate regarding parents control of their children s education. Free Exercise Clause of the Fir st Amendment posed some challenges to court, which was faced with the conflicts betweenRead MoreWhy I Am Working At A Medical Facility1072 Words   |  5 Pagesinterests, while still respecting their religious beliefs. Also, I will have to keep a balance between medical and religion and my own beliefs. There are certain medical procedures that are not allowed depending on religious beliefs. I would like to be able to understand why if someone has the change to live or have an opportunity to help others; it would not be possible because of their religious beliefs. I will be exploring Jehovah’s Witness and Muslims beliefs and views on certain medical procedureRead MoreAbortion And Its Effect On Society1272 Words   |  6 PagesIn society today, abortion takes place on a daily basis. Abortions have been a subject of medical, lawful, religious, and moral intrigue for a long time. As a legislative issue in the United States, abortion has been acknowledged and subsequently man aged for many years. In the mid 1800s, every state that had developed at the time had also created some form of abortion law. To this day, 60% of abortion laws we face today were enacted in that period (Hardin, 1969). However, even before these restrictive

How Family Size Directly Affects the Family Relationships Free Essays

Studies indicate that the family size directly affects the family relationships. Children born into large families have more companionship, develop stronger family ties, and learn more responsibility than do only children. I feel, coming fron a large family myself, that having older brothers and sisters has helped me alot. We will write a custom essay sample on How Family Size Directly Affects the Family Relationships or any similar topic only for you Order Now I’ve learned from their mistakes and also from their triumphs. I’ve really learned to count on my brother ans sister for questions I may have about different situations that I feel he or she may know about. I have taken their advice on many things more than once. Now since my younger days, I myself am an older sisten. I have one younger sister and one younger brother. Being in that situation in which â€Å"the shoe is on the other foot†, I really enjoy being there for the two of them to answer any questions they may have or for that matter, to help in any way that I can.. As far as companionship and developing stronger family ties, once again, I know that having brothers and sisters around while growing up, certainly made some of my â€Å"rainy days† less lonely. Our family is also very close. I feel alot of that has to do with the trials and tribulations of our large family as a whole. Responsibility, I think in a large family, almost has to be learned. There are many more jobs to be divided than tht of a one child family. There is also more emphasis on respecting one’s personal property. I feel that is definitly learned, more with a large family. Therefore it makes you more responsible without even realizing the fact. To me, this is one more positive aspect towards a large family. To sum up this topic, I definitly am all for large families. I think planning the family is very important. If you can financially support a large family and have a strong positive attitude, then I say large families are great and to go for it! How to cite How Family Size Directly Affects the Family Relationships, Essay examples How Family Size Directly Affects the Family Relationships Free Essays Studies indicate that the family size directly affects the family relationships. Children born into large families have more companionship, develop stronger family ties, and learn more responsibility than do only children. I feel, coming fron a large family myself, that having older brothers and sisters has helped me alot. We will write a custom essay sample on How Family Size Directly Affects the Family Relationships or any similar topic only for you Order Now I’ve learned from their mistakes and also from their triumphs. I’ve really learned to count on my brother ans sister for questions I may have about different situations that I feel he or she may know about. I have taken their advice on many things more than once. Now since my younger days, I myself am an older sisten. I have one younger sister and one younger brother. Being in that situation in which â€Å"the shoe is on the other foot†, I really enjoy being there for the two of them to answer any questions they may have or for that matter, to help in any way that I can.. As far as companionship and developing stronger family ties, once again, I know that having brothers and sisters around while growing up, certainly made some of my â€Å"rainy days† less lonely. Our family is also very close. I feel alot of that has to do with the trials and tribulations of our large family as a whole. Responsibility, I think in a large family, almost has to be learned. There are many more jobs to be divided than tht of a one child family. There is also more emphasis on respecting one’s personal property. I feel that is definitly learned, more with a large family. Therefore it makes you more responsible without even realizing the fact. To me, this is one more positive aspect towards a large family. To sum up this topic, I definitly am all for large families. I think planning the family is very important. If you can financially support a large family and have a strong positive attitude, then I say large families are great and to go for it! How to cite How Family Size Directly Affects the Family Relationships, Essays

Legalization Of Medicinal Marijuana Essays - Medicine, Cannabis

Legalization Of Medicinal Marijuana Legalization of Marijuana During the Carter, Reagan, and Bush administrations, eight people in the United States were allowed to use marijuana for medicinal purposes under the Compassionate Investigative New Drug program. However, since the Clinton administration no new applications have been accepted. Therefore, other patients who need marijuana to alleviate the nausea and loss of appetite associated with the AIDS viruses and cancer chemotherapy, as well as to treat glaucoma, multiple sclerosis, epilepsy, chronic pain, and other ailments must continue to suffer without the use of marijuana. Is this fair? What could the reasoning behind this needless suffering possibly be? I thought that one of the purposes of government was to promote the well-being of its individuals. Is that not why our country spends billions of dollars towards advancements in medicine every year? So, why aren't there any FDA approved studies testing the actual effectiveness of marijuana in progress? If it is proved that marijuana does indeed help ease the pain and suffering of these poor people, then why not allow it to be prescribed to help them. It is illegal to consume any prescription drug not prescribed to you. Which makes all prescription drugs illegal, how is this different from marijuana? Sure it may be addicting, but so can caffeine pills. Sure it may be harmful if someone misuses it, but so can Ritalin. I just do not understand how prescribing a drug to help someone could be harmful. The least the government could do is research the subject a little more. Instead, they seem to be doing the opposite. In 1994, The Assistant Secretary for Health postponed the final meeting that would have decided whether the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services would require government-grown marijuana to be used in the first medicinal marijuana research project in over a decade. The government seems to have no problems arresting sick people for using marijuana, telling them that there has not been enough research to verify its medical benefits. However, they are doing nothing to assist in the studies. A small non-profit organization called MAPS has been working for two years to raise money, develop study protocols, and obtaining the Food and Drug Administrations approval for the study of marijuana. Only one thing holds them back. They have no legal way of obtaining marijuana, and the government will not give it to them. If a medical missionary in the Rain Forest proclaimed that she had found a new miracle drug to help ease the pain of many sufferers, you can guarantee that a government approved study would be launched almost instantaneously. How is that any different than marijuana? Why is Clinton so anti-marijuana? The Clinton administration is apparently so afraid of being associated with the 'M' word that they are even willing to block research that could prolong AIDS patients' lives, stated a spokesperson for the MAPS organization. A poll showed that a whopping total of 65.5% of California's registered voters support the legalization of marijuana for medicinal purposes. Not only do the citizens support the research, but many Congressmen support it also. ?I continue to believe that those who can benefit from the medical use of marijuana should be able to get the drug when prescribed,? said U.S. Representative Gary Ackerman. ?I share your support for the medical use of government-supplied marijuana and understand the potential to ease the side effects of many diseases and illnesses, including AIDS,? said U.S. Senator John Glenn. So, if the Senators, Representatives, and the Citizens are all in support of medicinal marijuana research, why is nothing being done? Current Events

New Yorks Most Notorious Neighborhood

New Yorks Most Notorious Neighborhood It is impossible to overstate how notorious the lower Manhattan neighborhood called the Five Points was throughout the 1800s. It was said to be the roost of gang members and criminals of all types, and was widely known, and feared, as the home turf of flamboyant gangs of Irish immigrants. The reputation of the Five Points was so widespread that when the famous author Charles Dickens visited New York on his first trip to America in 1842, the chronicler of Londons underside wanted to see it for himself. Nearly 20 years later, Abraham Lincoln visited the Five Points during a visit to New York while he was considering running for president. Lincoln spent time at a Sunday school run by reformers trying to change the neighborhood and stories of his visit appeared in newspaper months later, during his 1860 campaign. The Location Provided the Name The Five Points took its name because it marked the intersection of four streets- Anthony, Cross, Orange, and Little Water- which came together to form an irregular intersection with five corners. In the past century, the Five Points has essentially disappeared, as streets have been redirected and renamed. Modern office buildings and courthouses have been constructed on what had been a slum known around the world. Population of the Neighborhood The Five Points, in the mid-1800s, was known primarily as an Irish neighborhood. The public perception at the time was that the Irish, many of whom were fleeing the Great Famine, were criminal by nature. And the appalling slum conditions and pervasive crime of the Five Points only contributed to that attitude. While the neighborhood was predominantly Irish in the 1850s, there were also African-Americans, Italians, and various other immigrant groups. The ethnic groups living in close proximity created some interesting cultural cross-pollination, and legend holds that tap dancing developed in the Five Points. African American dancers adapted moves from Irish dancers, and the result was American tap dancing. Shocking Conditions Prevailed Reform movements of the mid-1800s spawned pamphlets and books detailing horrendous urban conditions. And it seems that mentions of the Five Points always figure prominently in such accounts. Its hard to know how accurate the lurid descriptions of the neighborhood are, as the writers generally had an agenda and an obvious reason to exaggerate. But accounts of people essentially packed into small spaces and even underground burrows seem so common that they are probably true. The Old Brewery A large building which had been a brewery in colonial times was a notorious landmark in the Five Points. It was claimed that up to 1,000 poor people lived in the Old Brewery, and it was said to be a den of unimaginable vice, including gambling and prostitution and illegal saloons. The Old Brewery was torn down in the 1850s, and the site was given over to a mission whose purpose was to try to help neighborhood residents. Famous Five Points Gangs There are many legends about street gangs which formed in the Five Points. The gangs had names like the Dead Rabbits, and they were known to occasionally fight pitched battles with other gangs in the streets of lower Manhattan. The notoriety of the Five Points gangs was immortalized in the classic book Gangs of New York by Herbert Asbury, which was published in 1928. Asburys book was the basis of the Martin Scorsese film Gangs of New York, which portrayed the Five Points (though the film was criticized for many historical inaccuracies). While much of what has been written about the Five Points Gangs was sensationalized, if not entirely fabricated, the gangs did exist. In early July 1857, for example, the Dead Rabbits Riot was reported by the New York City newspapers. In days of confrontations, members of the Dead Rabbits emerged from the Five Points to terrorize members of other gangs. Charles Dickens Visited the Five Points The famed author Charles Dickens had heard about the Five Points and made a point of visiting when he came to New York City. He was accompanied by two policemen, who took him inside buildings where he saw residents drinking, dancing, and even sleeping in cramped quarters. His lengthy and colorful description of the scene appeared in his book American Notes. Below are excerpts: Poverty, wretchedness, and vice, are rife enough where we are going now. This is the place: these narrow ways, diverging to the right and left, and reeking everywhere with dirt and filth...Debauchery has made the very houses prematurely old. See how the rotten beams are tumbling down, and how the patched and broken windows seem to scowl dimly, like eyes that have been hurt in drunken frays...So far, nearly every house is a low tavern; and on the bar-room walls, are coloured prints of Washington, and Queen Victoria of England, and the American eagle. Among the pigeon-holes that hold the bottles, are pieces of plate-glass and coloured paper, for there is, in some sort, a taste for decoration, even here...What place is this, to which the squalid street conducts us? A kind of square of leprous houses, some of which are attainable only by crazy wooden stairs without. What lies beyond this tottering flight of steps, that creak beneath our tread? AÂ  miserable room, lighted by one dim cand le, and destitute of all comfort, save that which may be hidden in a wretched bed. Beside it, sits a man, his elbows on his knees, his forehead hidden in his hands...(Charles Dickens, American Notes) Dickens went on at considerable length describing the horrors of the Five Points, concluding, all that is loathsome, drooping, and decayed is here. By the time Lincoln visited, nearly two decades later, much had changed in the Five Points. Various reform movements had swept through the neighborhood, and Lincolns visit was to a Sunday school, not a saloon. By the late 1800s, the neighborhood went through profound changes as laws were enforced and the dangerous reputation of the neighborhood faded away. Eventually, the neighborhood simply ceased to exist as the city grew. The location of the Five Points today would be roughly located under a complex of court buildings constructed in the early 20th century.

SHAW Surname Meaning and Family History

SHAW Surname Meaning and Family History The Shaw surname means thicket, small wood, or clearing in the trees from the Middle English s(c)hage, s(c)hawe (Old English sceaga). It is also an English or Scottish topographic surname for someone who lived near a copse or thicket. Shaw may also have derived as an English form of any of the Gaelic surnames derived from the personal name Sitheach, meaning wolf, or similar sounding Irish surnames such as OShea or Shee. Surname Origin: English,  Scottish Alternate Surname Spellings:  SHEACH Famous People with the SHAW  Surname George Bernard Shaw – Irish author and playwrightArtie Shaw  Ã¢â‚¬â€œÃ‚  American songwriter, best known as a 1930s and 1940s jazz bandleader and clarinetistSam Shaw  Ã¢â‚¬â€œÃ‚  American photographer; best known for his iconic images of stars such as Marilyn Monroe and Marlon BrandoAnna Howard Shaw  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ Born in England,  Anna Howard Shaw was the first female minister in the Methodist Protestant Church and very active in womens suffrage.Robert Shaw –  American conductor Where Is the SHAW  Surname Most Common? The Shaw surname, according to surname distribution information from Forebears, is the 820th most common surname in the world. It is most prevalent today in India, but is used by the greatest percentage of the population in countries such as England (ranked 63rd), New Zealand (62nd), Scotland (91st), and Australia (93rd). WorldNames PublicProfiler indicates the Shaw surname is especially common in the United Kingdom, found most frequently in the northern England regions of North West, East Midlands and Yorkshire and Humberside. It is also fairly common in Scotland and Northern Ireland. Within North America, individuals named Shaw are found most commonly in Maine and Nova Scotia.   Genealogy Resources for the Surname SHAW Shaw Surname DNA Project: Over 300 members have joined this Y-DNA project to work together to use DNA testing along with traditional genealogy research to help determine Shaw origins and distinguish between various Shaw lines.SHAW  Family Genealogy Forum: This free message board is focused on descendants of Shaw  ancestors around the world. Search the forum for posts about your Shaw ancestors, or join the forum and post your own queries.  FamilySearch - SHAW Genealogy: Explore over 4.4 million  results from digitized  historical records and lineage-linked family trees related to the Shaw surname on this free website hosted by the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints.GeneaNet - Shaw Records: GeneaNet includes archival records, family trees, and other resources for individuals with the Shaw  surname, with a concentration on records and families from France and other European countries. Resources and Further Reading Cottle, Basil.  Penguin Dictionary of Surnames. Baltimore, MD: Penguin Books, 1967.Dorward, David.  Scottish Surnames. Collins Celtic (Pocket edition), 1998.Fucilla, Joseph.  Our Italian Surnames. Genealogical Publishing Company, 2003.Hanks, Patrick and Flavia Hodges.  A Dictionary of Surnames. Oxford University Press, 1989.Hanks, Patrick.  Dictionary of American Family Names. Oxford University Press, 2003.Reaney, P.H.  A Dictionary of English Surnames. Oxford University Press, 1997.Smith, Elsdon C.  American Surnames. Genealogical Publishing Company, 1997.

Adaptive learning for ESL based on computation Research Paper

Adaptive learning for ESL based on computation - Research Paper Example The researcher states that in English as a second language class-based learning, individual students have diverse learning needs. Therefore there is need for such students to be given considerations while teaching by not just following the fixed learning sequences and contents. The diversity that exist within and between classes calls for provision of learning content basing on preference and the background of the students in order to achieve maximum performance. The authors perceive that English language learning (ELLS) should adopt an adaptive learning sequence approach in order to enhance the outcome in a situation of varied individual difference. This way, a learning profile is used. Learning profile defines one’s motivation, engagement and cognitive processing habits showing the distinctive and habitual ways through which learners fully utilize the instructional content in a learning environment. The authors propose a design and a form of evaluating an adaptive educationa l system in which cognitive styles that constitute an important factor to be considered with respect to adaptive learning. It is critical, given the complex nature of learning English language to use content material with a different learning difference in order to lodge diverse learning profile. It is of great importance to match the content with learning profile to avoid impeding of the learning process those results from mismatching (Ya-huei & Hung-Chang , 2011). The authors support their argument with a research data on the use of adaptive and teaching strategies to facilitate teaching-learning of English as a second language in a learning situation. Adaptive learning systems make teachers to adapt the use of instructions to individual style of learning and preferences of the students (Ya-huei & Hung-Chang , 2011). The adaptive education system that is implemented in the background of computer mediated lessons is referred to as intelligent tutorial system. This with dynamism use s the e learning content, the educational representation and human-computer interface to the objective, needs and first choice of human being users for effective lessons and knowledge. The research took into account aspects such as personality and cognitive style to determine whether there is a correlation between learning profile and ability, teaching atmosphere and classroom learning (Ya-huei & Hung-Chang , 2011). A proposed design and formative assessment of an adaptive learning system in which it is mainly constituted of cognitive styles was considered with respect to adaptive learning. The field independent and field independent are the dimensions extensively used. This enable for obtaining of stable patterns on how individuals encode, perceive, think and process information. The research shows effect of field-dependence and independence on the learning process facilitation and the outcome(Ya-huei & Hung-Chang , 2011). According to the author, there is high interaction between field dimensions and the methods of instruction in English as a second language learning situation. Individual difference that are based on the field –dependent or field independent dimensions are proposed as the necessary key consideration while designing the instructional skeleton and the instructional setting (Ya-huei & Hun